Quran Chapter 2- 180 (Pt-2, Stg-1) (L-210)
- درس قرآن
A last will and testament
Surah
‘Al-Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)
‘A-‘uu-zu Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)
كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ ٱلْمَوْتُ إِن تَرَكَ خَيْرًا ٱلْوَصِيَّةُ لِلْوَٰلِدَيْنِ وَٱلْأَقْرَبِينَ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ (180
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180. It is prescribed for you, when
death approacheth one of you, if he leaves wealth, that he should bequeath
unto parents and near relatives in kindness. (This is) a duty for all those
ward off (evil).
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180. Kutiba
‘alaykum ‘izaa hazara ‘ahadakumul-mawtu ‘in-
taraka khay-ranil-wasiyyatu lil-waalidayni
wal-‘aqrabiina bil-ma’-ruuf. Haqqan ‘alal-Muttaqiin.
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Commentary
Khay-ra – (Wealth) the
meanings of this word are betterment, welfare and deliverance. It is used also
in the Holy Qur’an for pure wealth.
‘Al-wasiyyatu – (Bequeath,
testament, making a will) its literal meanings are ‘to order’ and ‘to request’.
According to the Divines Law, it means ‘those instructions which are arranged
to make (a will) by the individual who is at the death’s door for his/her
followers/heirs, which are fulfilled after his/her death. The
religious scholars have described many kinds of ‘Wills’:
1.
Some bequests are proper (Waajib), for example;
paying the poor-due, security, safeguard (trust) or the will to return the
loans, which is extremely necessary and duty to be fulfilled.
2.
Some legacies are Mustahib, likewise to
bequeath for any good work or to give something to any that relative who cannot
get any part of hereditary/inheritance according to the Laws of Will.
3.
Some are only Mubaah that is to say; to
bequeath for any legal issue.
4.
Some are those which are forbidden to be fulfilled according to
the Commands of Holy Qur’an, as if, anybody bequeaths for any
unlawful deed which is prohibited to be fulfilled.
5.
Some Wills are called Maw-quuf. It is
necessary to regard some limitations for this type of Will to be fulfilled, for
instance; if any individual bequeaths for more than one third (1/3) part of his
property. Its execution depends upon the dismissal of other heirs. Some
questions have been described in the forthcoming verses about the matters of
bequeathing. If we keep them in front also then the entire matters will be
solved.
There were some
Islamic commands mentioned in the previous verses regarding murder. Now
instructions about the property/wealth of the dead are being discussed. At
another place in the Holy Qur’an, the shares of entire heirs and
the rightful have been prescribed. So the bequest will be examined in the light
of those shares. However, it may be bequeathed out of the third part of the
property.
Bil-ma’-ruuf - (According to usage) this word has
already been used earlier. ‘Urf is its origin, that is
to say; the known matter like this, usually, that would be considered as
righteousness and betterment. So, one translation of it may also be ‘according
to the customs’. Fixing its condition in the Will, all those badness have been
stopped, which any such individual could do, who would be going to bequeath,
due to being biased or displeasure that he might give someone more than his
right and the other’s right might be lost.
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Commandments of God through Qur'an