Quran Chapter 8 – 67 (Pt-10, Stg-2) (L-1128) - درس قرآن
Counseling concerning the Captives
Chapter ‘Anfaal (Spoils
of War) – Surah – 8)
‘A-‘uu-zu Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)
(I seek refuge in Allaah from Satan the outcast)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)
مَا كَانَ لِنَبِىٍّ أَن يَكُونَ لَهُۥٓأَسْرَىٰ حَتَّىٰ يُثْخِنَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ تُرِيدُونَ عَرَضَ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَٱللَّهُ يُرِيدُ ٱلْءَاخِرَةَ وَٱللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ 67
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67. It is not for any Prophet to have captives until he
hath made slaughter in the land. Ye desire the lure of this world and Allah
desireth (for you) the Hereafter. And Allah is Mighty, Wise.
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67. Maa kaana li-Nabiyyin
‘any-yakuuna lahuuu ‘asraa hattaa yus-khina
fil-‘arz. Turiiduuna ‘arazad-dunyaa, wAllaahu yuriidul-‘Aakhirah.
WAllaahu ‘Aziizun Hakiim.
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Commentary
‘Asraa –
(captives, prisoners), this word is plural of ‘asiir, which is a
section of Adjectives, and it has been derived from ‘asrun. ‘Asrun means
“to prison, to arrest, to capture”. ‘Asiir means “a captive, a
prisoner”.
Yus-khina –
(should tyrannize or make slaughter), this word is from ‘is-khaan,
which is made from sakhan. Sakhan means “cruelty, strictness,
severity and affliction”. ‘Iskhaan means “to tyrannize, to
oppress”. Here it aims “after getting an opportunity, at first, one should
inspire the enemy with fear, so that the quarrelsome and rebellious people
cease violence and by taking it warning; they leave the stubborn”.
In the Battle of Badr,
seventy grandeur chieftains of Qureish were killed by Muslims
and their seventy great people were arrested by the Muslims. At that time, a
decision was required that “how the captives must be treated? Whether they
should be set free after taking wealth or be slaughtered?
In this connection; the
Messenger of God Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) asked
His Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) about their opinion. Majority
of them said: The captive should be released after getting compensation.
But Umar and Sa’-d bin Ma-‘aaz (may God be
pleased with them) gave their opinion that these people have troubled the
Muslims very much, if they are left alive, they will set up any temptation
against the Muslims again. But mostly people of them did not consider it
suitable that they must be slain, because, later on possibly some of them may
embrace Islam. Some people gave their opinion; being kind naturally that they
should be forgiven after receiving ransom money. Some of them thought that the
Muslims need wealth and economic goods this time, it would be better if they
are released after taking money.
Messenger of Allah Almighty
(grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon Him) decided that everyone must be
set free after taking compensation against life. Therefore, they acted upon
this decision. But; because it was against the political expediency, so this
verse was revealed and they were informed that such deed was not good.
Badr was
first Battle of Muslims. It was demand of political prudence that such
tormentor enemy must be punished more severely, due to which, no vicious person
may interrupt in safety and peace of the world in future. And it was commanded
that “taking possession of wealth may be useful a little and only for a few
days, but consequence of setting the enemies free is not good. So, although
some of them embraced Islam, but maximum of them attacked next year again and
seventy Muslims were martyred (in the Battle of ‘Uhud). Allah
Almighty saved the Muslims from manifest defeat with His Mercy, otherwise they
had arranged for themselves complete destruction.
