Quran Chapter
4- Review (Pt-6, Stg-1) (L-638) - درس قرآن
Retrospection - Suratun-Nisaaa'
Suratun-Nisaaa’ (The Women) – Chapter – 4)
‘A-‘uu-zu
Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast.)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful.)
Lessons of Suratun-Nisaaa’ ended
on previous lesson. Let’s review it briefly, so that its subjects may be
revised in mind.
In this Chapter, maximum topics
are regarding the rights of the women, good behavior with orphans, unsuitable
deeds of the hypocrites, and rules for distribution of hereditary. False faiths
of the Jews and the Christians have been explained and it has been guided “How
to correct them”. Why are these matters in this Surah? For
understanding, following is compulsory to be known.
This Surah was
revealed in the last part of 4th year of Hijrah {fourth
year of coming of the Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him)
in Madinah}. Before its inspiration, during 2nd year
of Hijrah, the famous Battle of Badr was
fought, in which Muslims obtained a full victory over the Infidels. In 3rd year
of Hijrah, the people of Makkah assaulted over Madinah again,
and the Muslims came out of Madinah and assembled at the place
of Uhud for fighting. Both parties fought bravely. At first,
the Muslims succeeded. After that, due to mistake of some people, their victory
was changed into defeat. Many Muslims were martyred. Their children became
orphans. Mention of this Battle has passed in Surah
‘Aali-‘Imraan before it.
In
the Battle of Uhud, the Hypocrites troubled very much.
Before beginning of the Battle, they had been separate along with their
people. Even then the Muslims obtained victory. But due to a little error, they
faced defeat. Some Muslims were killed. The reason of this entire loss was that
some people interfered with their opinion and they did not obey the command of
God’s Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him).
When some period passed, the
Muslims returned to their good health and spirit, then this Chapter was
revealed. In it, they were instructed - to save lives and wealth of those
children who became fatherless in the Battle, to care the rights of the
women that they should not be treated unjustly. The rule for distributing the
hereditary of those people who had died, were explained.
Due to behavior of the
Hypocrites, they suffered abundant loss. Their conspiracies and plans were
disclosed and the Muslims were instructed that they should be careful from
them.
Due to defeat of Muslims in
the Battle, the Jews were very happy and they began to oppress the
Muslims. They broke mutual covenants and treaties, and became so much arrogant
that they began to say that the way of the Infidels of Mecca is better than
Islam. In this Surah, vice of villainies of the Jews and the
Christians has been described to them, and it has been commanded to the Muslims
that they should be careful and vigilant from them. False beliefs of the Jews
and the Christians have been corrected. At the end, after describing about
reward of Belief and good works, solution of remaining problems in respect of
the estate and property of the deceased person has been explained.
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