Lesson – 66 Penitence of Adam (peace be upon Him)

Lesson – 66

Penitence of Adam (peace be upon Him)

Surah ‘Al-‘Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

Stage – 1, Verses – 37 of 286, Section – 4 of 40 (Part - 1)

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

37.  Then Adam received from his Lord words (of revelation), and He relented towards him. Lo! He is the Relenting, the Merciful.

37.  Fata-laqqaaa   ‘Aadamu mir-Rabbihii  Kalimaatin,  fa-taaba   ‘alayh.  ‘InnaHuu Huwat-Tawwaa-bur-Rahiim.

Lesson

           

Fata-laqqaaa – (Then learnt, received from Lord)., this word has been derived from talaqqii (mulaaqaat is from it too), which means “to meet, to find or get something”.

Kalimaatin – Words (of Revelation). It is plural of Kalimah, which means “a word, a speech, a part of speech”. Allah Almighty taught Adam (Peace be upon Him) the Words of penitence with His great Mercy and Kindness. Here, the Words of penitence indicate towards the following verse of Holy Qur’aan which was revealed at another place, “They said: Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves. If Thou forgive us not and have not mercy on us, surely we are of the lost”. (VII: 23 - The Heights) (Qaalaa Rabbanaa zalamnaaa ‘anfu-sanaa Wa ‘il-lam tagfir-lanaa wa  tar-hamnaa   lanakuu-nanna minal-khaa-siriin.)” (7: 23 – Al-‘Aa’-raaf). These words were spoken by the both i.e. Adam and Eve (His wife) (peace be upon them).

Fa-taaba – so He relented, paid His attention. This word has been made from Tawbah, which means “To turn toward someone, paying attention, to return”. Penitence means repentance from sins, sorrow for wrongdoing, and return toward the straight path. Praying for forgiveness from the sins is called penitence because the mankind admits with the perception of sins and promises that he will abstain from the sins in future.

When Adam (peace be upon Him) and His wife were ordered to leave the Garden, then they perceived about their error, regretted a lot on it, used to weep in the condition of distress on their mistake and wandered repentant restlessly. Ultimately God Almighty had compassion on them and revealed some words of asking forgiveness in their hearts. They prayed with those words and God Almighty accepted their penitence because certainly He is the Relenting and Merciful on His servants in every situation.

Three things are necessary for the penitence (Tawbah):

·       The human being should admit that he has wronged and repent on his sin.

·       He should intend strictly that he will never commit it again.

·       He should never repeat this sin in future.

The injunction regarding Tawbah (Repentance) has come many times in the Holy Qur’aan and the Sayings of the Messenger (SallAllaahu alayHi wa AaliHii Wasallam). We should renounce for forgiveness of every type of wrongdoing, (known or un-known, minor or major) from God Almighty.

Transliterated Holy Qur’aan in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif)

Lesson – 65 Getting out of the Gardens

Lesson – 65

 Getting out of the Gardens

Surah ‘Al-‘Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

Stage – 1, Verses – 36b of 286, Section – 4 of 40 (Part - 1)

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

36b.  and We said: Fall down, one of you a foe unto the other! There shall be for you on earth a habitation and provision for a time.

36b.  Wa  qulNah-bituu  ba’-zukum  li-ba’zin  ‘aduww.  Wa  lakum fil  ‘arzi  musta-qar-runw- wa  mataa-‘un  ‘ilaahiin.

Lesson

           

‘Ih-bituu – {Fall down (you all)}. Origin of this word is habuut, which is used for come down from height, and for going from one place to another. It manifests from this verse that the Paradise, where Adam and His wife (peace be upon Them) were commanded to live, now they are being commanded to leave that place. Secondly, from the word ‘ih-bituu {fall down (you all)}, which has come in plural form, it is revealed that the command of lodging at the earth is not only for Adam and His wife (peace be upon Them) but for their entire pedigree.  

  

‘Aduwwun – (Enemies, foe, rival), the pattern of living on the earth has been caused to understand by this word. In the world, there will be possibility of struggle, jealousy, selfishness, sensuality and envy etc., and being saved from these evils will be the sign of nobleness for the human beings.

‘Ilaa- hiin – (For a time, till the specific time), it is obvious from this verse that stay on this earth of human being is accidental and not forever. They will have to be produced in the Court of God Almighty again.

When Adam and His wife (peace be upon Them) ate the fruit of that particular tree due to seducing by Satan, which was forbidden by Allah Almighty, then He ordered: This place is not suitable for you now. Fall down on the earth. In the world, some people of the mankind will not live in peace and truce, but they will quarrel with one another. They will have to reside there till their death. During their life time, they will have to reap advantage from the earthen commodities with working hard and collecting the things for drinking and eating.

Useful matters which have been described in this verse are:

·       Satan is enemy of the human being. He tries his best to cheat and deceive the mankind.

·       Existence of the humankind in the world is casual/accidental. Its reality is like an Inn. Therefore, we should consider the world as abode for some time; and we should not forget our Lord, God Almighty; supposing that the world is a living place forever. Bear in mind that it is not an eternal abode.

Transliterated Holy Qur’aan in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif)

Lesson – 64 Slip of Adam (peace be upon Him)

Lesson – 64

 Slip of Adam (peace be upon Him)

Surah ‘Al-‘Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

Stage – 1, Verses – 36a of 286, Section – 4 of 40 (Part - 1)

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

36a.  But Satan caused them to deflect there-from and expelled them from the (happy) state in which they were;

36a.  Fa-‘azalla-humash-shay-taanu  ‘anhaa  fa-‘akh-raja-humaa  mimmaa  kaanaa  fiih.

Lesson

           

Fa-‘azalla-huma – (Then they were enticed). This word has been derived from zallah, which means “to entice, to cause to deflect, to cause to remove from a particular place”. Intentional disobedience or rebellion does not come in the meaning of this word. But it is such an error, a slip; which is due to omission or unknowingly mistake.

‘Ash-shay-taanu –(Satan), it means such creature who went away from the Mercy of Allah Almighty. It is the second name of Iblis. He disobeyed the command of God Almighty, so He was ordered to get out of the Paradise. Then He became mortal enemy of the generation of Adam (Peace be upon Him). He cannot compel the human being to disobey God or to commit evil, but He induces the mankind with different methods to go on the path of evil. He is able to influence (whether he is nigh or far) without measurement of the distances. Natural resistances are valueless for him. 

‘Anhaa – (by means of it) It may be an indication towards the tree. That is to say; by means of the tree, Satan caused to deflect them {Adam and Eve (Peace be upon them)} and it may also be an indication towards the Paradise, in this form, it will be meant they (Peace be upon them) were caused to expel from the Gardens.

God Almighty settled Adam and His wife (Peace be upon them) in Paradise and prevented from eating the fruit of that particular tree, but not to go nigh it. Satan did not fall prostrate toward Adam (peace be upon Him), so He became a renegade and mortal foe of Adam (peace be upon Him) due to jealousy. He intended strongly in his heart that anyhow Adam should be caused to deflect from the Paradise.

In the Holy Qur’aan, it is mentioned at another place that Iblis approached Adam and His wife (peace be upon Them) and assured Them by swearing that He was Their friend and well-wisher, and caused to instigate Them: If you will eat the fruit of this tree, you will become Angels or will live in the Paradise forever. And you will never be discharged from here.

Adam and His wife (peace be upon them) were entrapped. They did not know that anyone can swear falsely of God Almighty. They ate the fruit of that tree. As soon as they ate the fruit, their raiment of Paradise was dropped down from their bodies and they began to cover their shame being bashful with the leaves of the trees. Allah Almighty ordered them to get out from there. Satan became cause of their deflection from the Paradise. It is necessary for us to try our best to save ourselves from His deception.

Transliterated Holy Qur’aan in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif)

Lesson – 63 Forbidden Tree

Lesson – 63

 Forbidden Tree

Surah ‘Al-‘Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

Stage – 1, Verses – 35b of 286, Section – 4 of 40 (Part - 1)

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

35b.  but come not nigh this tree lest ye become wrongdoers.

35b.  wa  laa taqrabaa  haazihish-shajarata  fata-kuunaa  minaz-zaalimiin.

Lesson

           

Laa taqrabaa - come not nigh (near). Adam (peace be upon Him) was prevented from going near a tree of Paradise for the purpose that he should not desire the fruit of that tree. Actual object of this command was that he (peace be upon Him) should not eat the fruit of that particular tree, which was forbidden at that time for them.   

Haazihish-shajarata – ‘this tree’ was a tree from the trees of Paradise and Adam (peace be upon Him) was caused to recognize about that tree. In Holy Qur’aan there is no explanation about it, however the commentators have different views about that particular tree. Some of them say that it was the tree of grapes and some say that it was plant of wheat; some have their separate views as dates or fig. It has not been explained in the Sayings of Messenger of God (SallAllaahu alayHi wa AaliHii Wasallam). 

 

Minaz-zaalimiin – (from the wrongdoers), it aims such people, who oppress themselves. Disobeying the commands of God Almighty is actually the biggest tyranny on oneself. Now it is obvious that, at that time, means of Paradise was not as the reward of good deeds, as now it has. But at that time, there were Religious Laws also. Some orders were for obeying them and some such actions did exist, from which mankind was prevented.

Allah Almighty kept Adam (peace be upon Him) in Jannah after appointing him His Caliph. And when he (peace be upon Him) felt loneliness, then Allah Almighty created Eve (peace be upon her). He favored them further that He permitted them that from where they wish; eat freely. However, there was a tree, about which Allah Almighty commanded: Come not nigh this tree lest ye become wrongdoers.

It has been cleared from this lesson that the individual, who commits the works of doubts and suspicions, there is great danger for him regarding committing wrong works. It was the reason that God Almighty forbade Adam (peace be upon Him) from going near that forbidden tree, so that, neither they will go nigh the tree and nor they will desire to eat it. We should also abstain from the doubtful and suspicious things. It should also be remembered that the person, who disobeys the commands of God Almighty, he actually harms himself at his own. As one is put in difficulties in this world, he will suffer in the next world too i.e. in the Day of Resurrection.

Transliterated Holy Qur’aan in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif)

Lesson – 62 Adam (peace be upon him) in the Paradise

Lesson – 62

 Adam (peace be upon him) in the Paradise

Surah ‘Al-‘Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

Stage – 1, Verses – 35a of 286, Section – 4 of 40 (Part - 1)

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

35a.  And We said: O Adam! Dwell thou and thy wife in the Garden, and eat ye, freely (of the fruits) thereof where ye will;

35a.  Wa  qulNaa  yaaa-‘Aada-mus-kun  ‘anta  wa  zaw-jukal-Jannata  wa kulaa  minhaa  ragadan  hay-su  shi’-tumaa;

Lesson

           

Jannata – literal meaning of this word is: Such Garden whose dense trees cover the land. In the term of Islamic Law; it aims, that dignified Garden, in which, there are countless blessings and which will be bestowed to the virtuous persons on the Day of Resurrection. That Garden is called Jannah (Paradise) also because its blessings are hidden from our eyes too.

zaw-juka – (Your wife), Eve (the wife of Adam (peace be upon Them), who was already born at that time; before this discussion. She is the Mother of entire human beings.

Hay-su shi’-tumaa – (Where ye will), (where-from you wish to eat), this word discloses the breadth and largeness of the Paradise.

God Almighty created Adam (peace be upon him) in accord with His own Will and chose him Vicegerent of His Own on the earth. To manifest his position, Allah Almighty commanded the Angels (peace be upon Them) to fall prostrate towards Adam (peace be upon him), so that none may have any courage to rebel or disobey Him. The Angels (peace be upon Them) admitted the greatness of Adam and fell prostrate towards Him (peace be upon him).

After the Caliphate of Adam (Peace be upon Him); Allah Almighty provided them (Adam and His wife) opportunity to live in the Paradise, eat and drink whatever they wish.

About Eve, (peace be upon her), the Commentators of Islam have narrated that Adam (peace be upon him) was alone in the Paradise. He was tired of loneliness. So God Almighty created Eve (peace be upon her) and commanded: You both dwell in the Paradise and eat freely where-from you wish.

It is obvious from this lesson that God Almighty gave Adam (peace be upon him) big rewards more than enough and dignity. At first; He (peace be upon him) was given knowledge, then He became Viceroy of God Almighty, after that a life partner (wife) was provided to Him for comfort and pleasure, then He was placed in Paradise and bestowed countless blessings for eating and drinking. Allah Almighty bestows rewards to His servants always. Now, it is duty of His servants that they should be thankful to Allah Almighty and recognize the Value of such favors.  

Transliterated Holy Qur’aan in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif)

Lesson – 61 Falling prostrate by Angels

Lesson – 61

 Falling prostrate by Angels

Surah ‘Al-‘Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

Stage – 1, Verses – 34 of 286, Section – 4 of 40 (Part - 1)

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

34.  And when We said unto the angels: Prostrate yourselves before Adam, they fell prostrate, all save Iblis. He demurred through pride, and so became a disbeliever.

34.  Wa  ‘iz  qulNaa  lil- malaaa-‘ikatis-judduu  li-‘Aadama fasajaduuu  ‘illaaa ‘Ibliis ‘abaa  wastakbara  wa  kaana minal-kaafiriin.

Lesson

           

‘As-judduu – (Fall prostrate), literally, as well as particularly according to the Divine precepts of the religion - Sajdah means prostration; to bow the body and put the forehead on the ground before someone as in the prayer. Sajdah is the most venerable sign, so in accord with the religious Law of God Almighty, save Him; prostration is forbidden for anyone else. In this verse, the aim from falling prostrate before Adam (peace be upon Him) is that the Angels (peace be upon Them) bow their heads turning unto Adam as a respect, by accepting His superiority and reverence;. If we take its meanings according to the Divine law; then also its aim is to fall prostrate before God Almighty turning their faces towards Adam (peace be upon Him) because here meanings of the word li-‘Aadama are ‘Prostration not for Adam but towards Adam (peace be upon Him)’ for obeying the Command of Allah Almighty.

  ‘Ibliis – (Satan, the Devil), literal meanings of this word are ‘hopeless’. This ‘Ibliis was not an Angel but He was from the genealogy of demons, created from the fire. Because Angels have been created from the Light, so it cannot be hoped that the Angels will refuse, disagree, deny or violate the Order of God Almighty. Satan was included in the community of the Angels due to His worship and obedience of Allah Almighty.

‘Abaa -(He denied), this word is from ‘ibaa, which means “to deny, to refuse from anything intentionally”.

Wastakbara – (and he demurred through pride), this word has been derived from kabara, which means “to consider oneself greater than others being proud”. The Devil ‘Satan’ disobeyed the Command of Allah Almighty intentionally and behaved arrogantly.

When it was obvious that Adam (peace be upon Him) was superior to the Angels due to His knowledge and dignity, and was rightful owner of the Caliphate of God on the earth, then Allah Almighty ordered to the Angels to fall prostrate towards Adam (peace be upon them); admitting His greatness.

Obeying the Command of God Almighty, the entire Angels fell prostrate, however; the Devil demurred and said, “I am created from the fire and Adam is created from the clay, so I shall not fall prostrate unto Adam” (peace be upon Him). Due to disobeying the Command of God Almighty, ‘Ibliis became infidel and He was deprived of Allah’s Kindness. He had lost his closeness with God, was seized in the curse of Allah Almighty, and deserved torment.

Transliterated Holy Qur’aan in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif)

Lesson – 60 Victory of the Knowledge

Lesson – 60

 Victory of the Knowledge

Surah ‘Al-‘Baqarah (The Cow) – Chapter – 2)

Stage – 1, Verses – 33 of 286, Section – 4 of 40 (Part - 1)

BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

33.  He said: O Adam! Inform them of their names, and when he had informed them of their names, He said: Did I not tell you that I know the secret of the heavens and the earth? And I know that which ye disclose and which ye hide.

33.  Qaala  “Yaaa-‘Aadamu ‘ambi’-hum- bi-‘asmaaa-‘ihim.”  Falammaaa   ‘amba-‘ahum- bi-‘Asmaaa-ihim,  qaala   ‘alam ‘aqul-lakum  ‘iNiii   ‘A’-lamu gay-bas-samaawaati wal-‘arz, wa ‘A’-lamu maa tubdunna  wa maa kuntum taktu-muun.

Lesson

           

The event of Adam’s (Peace be upon Him) Caliphate is being narrated continuously. When Allah Almighty proclaimed about the Caliphate of Adam before Angels (Peace be upon Them), at first; they requested, “We confess with every breath; of Your Praise, Glory and Holiness, as though, if only Praise is required, then we have been performing this duty”. Then the Angels (Peace be upon Them) asserted this fear that the children of Adam (Peace be upon Him) will do harm therein and will shed blood.

God Almighty arranged a trial of knowledge before them to prove the merit of Adam. Adam (peace be upon Him) was bestowed by the knowledge of the names of all things according to his natural ability and virtue. The Angels were not able to know about the names and characteristics of the things. When the questions were asked from the both, the Angels accepted their ignorance but Adam (Peace be upon Him) told the names of all things and proved his superiority.

At such occasion, God Almighty said, “I had already told you that I know about everything’s apparent and hidden condition. I am well-informed about the secrets of the earth and the heavens. The doubts about Adam (Peace be upon Him) which you disclosed, I know them and I also know about that, which was not disclosed clearly by you.” As though, the knowledge of Allah Almighty is containing the entire things, He bestows dignity and responsibility to everyone according to one’s ability and qualification. 

Transliterated Holy Qur’aan in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif)